Research Publications
PEN@Hydropower empowers its members to engage in research through its well-established research networks, opportunities for scientific exchange, and collaborative networking activities. This section showcases the scientific achievements and contributions of PEN@Hydropower’s members.
2023
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This concept paper aims to provide insight into the possibilities of determining hydropower potential of an ungauged watershed in Montenegro, through the development of a hydrological model of a larger watershed, under the premise of hydrological analogy.
Paper can be found here.
2024
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Hydropower has been vital in Europe, providing safe, low-cost, and clean energy, and it accounts for 35% of renewable electricity generation. With the rise of unstable renewable sources, grid stability requires increased flexibility, where hydropower, especially through pumped storage, plays a crucial role. This paper highlights hydropower's evolving importance in ensuring grid stability, meeting 30% of flexibility demands, and modernizing with digital technologies. These findings underscore the need for supportive policies and markets to fully exploit hydropower's potential in Europe's energy transition.
The publication can be found here
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This paper presents the current state of hidden hydropower technologies and links them with possible applications in different hydropower potentials. Technologies and potential applications are structured within three main groups (pressurized systems, hydro storage, unpressurised systems), with their mutual interconnections analysed and displayed throughout the paper.
The publication can be found here
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Hydropower is key to the clean energy transition, leveraging retrofitting and unconventional opportunities in existing infrastructure to optimize resources, enhance resilience, and reduce emissions. Insights from examples in Czechia, South Africa, and Türkiye inform policies and innovations for sustainable energy.
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Download the paper here
The EU's 'Fit for 55' targets demand hydropower's flexibility to stabilize grids with 50% renewable energy by 2030. The PEN@Hydropower initiative drives sustainable solutions through innovation, digitalization, AI, and emerging technologies, advancing hydropower's role in EU decarbonization and sustainable energy transitions.